Iindaba

Ukuphuculwa kweI-polyester engadibaniyoIimveliso zinembali yeminyaka engaphezu kwama-70. Ngexesha elifutshane elifutshane, iimveliso zePolyerter ezingenamanzi ziye zaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza ngokwemigaqo yemveliso kunye nenqanaba lobugcisa. Ukusukela kwimveliso ye-Polyester engadibaniyo ethunyeneyo iphuhliswe ibe yenye yezona zinto zinkulu kwishishini lokuphelisa i-themmoset. Ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwezinto zokubuyisa ii-polyerter ezingekho mthethweni, ulwazi lobuchwephesha kwi-patent yemveliso, iimagazini zeshishini, iincwadi zobugcisa, njl njl. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho amakhulu amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza minyaka le, enxulumene ne-polyester engalunganga. Kungabonwa ukuba itekhnoloji neyodwa yetekhnoloji ye-Polyester engcolileyo iye yakhula ngakumbi kunye nokuphuhliswa kwemveliso, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe yemveliso yemveliso eyodwa nezalisekayo yemveliso kunye nethiyori yesicelo kunye nethiyori yesicelo kunye nethiyori yesicelo. Kwinkqubo yophuhliso lwexesha elidlulileyo, i-relins engalinganiyo ye-polyester yenze igalelo elikhethekileyo ekusetyenzisweni ngokubanzi. Kwixa elizayo, iya kukhula kwimimandla ethile ethile, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, iindleko zeentsali ngokubanzi ziya kuncitshiswa. Oku kulandelayo ngabanye abanomdla kwaye bathembisa iindidi zePontin, kubandakanya: i-shrink ephantsi, i-wildin ekhuselekileyo, i-wilsion ye-relin, i-wilsion ye-relin, i-gesion ehleliyo, i-gesi enganyangekiyo ye-Polsing, ephantsi Ngeempawu ezizodwa, kwaye iminwe yokusebenza ephezulu yemithi eyaqeshwa ngezinto ezintsha eziluhlaza kunye neenkqubo.

1.Ukuhlala i-resin

Le ntlobo-ntlobo ze-resin zisenokuba sisihloko nje esidala. I-Polyster engcolileyo ihamba ihamba kunye ne-shrinkige enkulu ngexesha lokunyanga, kwaye ivomu ngokubanzi ye-shrintage yi-6-10%. Esi shrinkage sinokuqhekeza kakhulu okanye sibe selukhuni izinto, hayi kwinkqubo yokubumba (i-SMC, BMC). Ukuzoyisa le mvumba ifutshane, i-thermoplastic idla ngokusetyenziswa njengokongezwa kweShrinkige. Ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi kule ndawo lanikezelwa kwi-DUPOnt ngo-1934, inombolo ye-patent ye-US 1.945,307. Ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi lichaza i-copolymerization ye-acid ye-dibasic ye-dibasic i-acids kunye ne-vinyl complets. Ngokucacileyo, ngelo xesha, eli patent lalisebenza itekhnoloji yeTekhnoloji ye-Shynt ye-Pontuster iphindaphindeka. Ukususela ngoko, abantu abaninzi bazinikela ekufundeni iinkqubo zeCopolyri, ezazithathwa njengezifunwa ngeplastiki. Ngo-1966 i-resco's shrinkis ye-shrinking ephantsi yaqala ukusetyenziswa kwimveliso yokubumba kunye nezamashishini.

Umbutho weShishini wePlastiki kamva wabiza le mveliso ", nto leyo ethi kuthetha ukuba i-proble yemeyile, kunye ne-shop ye-shop ye-preinkige yayo ephantsi, i-BMC" ithetha i-bulk yokubumba. Ngeemakhishithi ze-SMC, ikwafuneka ngokubanzi ukuba iindawo ezibunjiweyo ze-resin zinezinto ezilungileyo zokunyamezelana, ziguquguquka kunye nenqanaba le-A-Glosments, kwaye ifuna i-resin enamanqanaba aphantsi. Ewe kunjalo, amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza aphucule kwaye aphucule le teknoloji, kunye nokuqonda kwendlela yendlela ephantsi ye-shrinkige ngokuthe ngcembe, kunye neearhente ezahlukeneyo ze-shwist okanye iiprofayili eziphantsi zivele njengoko amaxesha afunekayo. I-shrinkies esetyenziswayo esetyenziswayo ephantsi yiPolystrene, iPolymethyl metacrylate kwaye inje.

2.Flame Retin

Ngamanye amaxesha izixhobo zokuhlawula ilangatye zibalulekile njengendawo yokuhlangula iziyobisi, kwaye izixhobo zokuhlawula ilangatye zinokuphepha okanye zinciphise ukuvela kwentlekele. EYurophu, inani lokufa lomlilo liye lehlile malunga ne-20% kwishumi leminyaka elidlulileyo ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-remeardivers yelangatye. Ukhuseleko lwezixhobo ezihlawulelwayo zeflethi uqobo zibaluleke kakhulu. Yinkqubo ecothayo nenzima yokubeka umgangatho wezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kwishishini. Okwangoku, uluntu lwaseYurophu lunalo kwaye luqhuba uvavanyo lwengozi kwizilwanyana ezininzi ezisekwe kunye ne-halogn-phsfer-phosphorus. Uninzi lwazo luya kugqitywa phakathi kuka-2004 no-2006. Okwangoku, ilizwe lethu lisebenzisa i-chlorine-ene-diolol okanye i-Dralon-ene-diolols okanye i-dibasic ye-dibasic ye-haloment njengezingavisisani. Ibhoboka e-Halomen ilanga liza kuvelisa umsi omninzi xa uvutha, kwaye uhamba kunye nesizukulwana sokucaphuka kwe-hydrogen. Umsi omdaka kunye neetyhefu ezinetyhefu eziveliswe ngexesha lokudibana zibangela ubungozi obukhulu ebantwini.

Ngaphezulu kwe-80% yeengozi zomlilo zibangelwa yile nto. Enye into engenamsebenzi yokusebenzisa i-Brominer okanye i-Hydrogen esekwe kwi-hydrogen yeyokuthotyelwa kwegesi kunye nokungcoliseka kwegesi kuyaveliswa xa kutshiswa, kuya kukhokelela ekonakaleni kwezinto zombane. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Inorgadid Resoardyars efana ne-Ilamina ye-Iloumina, i-magnesium, i-canopy, i-molybdenum ye-cells kunye nezongeziweyo ezihlawulelweyo zinokuvelisa umsi ophantsi kunye ne-tyrdiment ephantsi kwetyhefu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isixa sexabiso le-inorgadic slimer filder likhulu kakhulu, asiyi kuphela i-viscosity yonyuso, kodwa ingenakuphela kongezwa ilangatye, kodwa ichaphazela Amandla oomatshini kunye neepropathi zombane ze-resin emva konyango.

Okwangoku, uninzi lwamalungelo obuchwephesha lwangaphandle luye lwaxela itekhnoloji yokusebenzisa i-phosphorus esekwe kwiphosphorus ukuba ivelise i-phorusty enetyhefu ephantsi kwetyhefu kunye nelanga eliyingozi. I-Phosphorus-esekwe kwiflakisi esekwe kwiflakisi inesiphumo esibonakalayo selangatye. I-statinthoric acid iveliswe ngexesha lokudibana, inokuthi ifakwe i-polymer ye-polymer ye-polymer, yenza i-oxboble into, ikhuthaze i-oxbobgen, kwaye inyanzelise ifilimu yokukhusela i-resin, kunye nokukhusela ifilimu yokukhusela. Ngale ndlela ukuthintela ukudibanisa kwaye kwangaxeshanye i-phosphorus-esekwe kwiflakisi ingekasetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo kunye ne-halomers yelanga elihleliyo, elinefuthe elibonakalayo elibonakalayo. Ewe, isikhokelo sophando lwexesha elizayo I-resin efanelekileyo yityhefu, enetyhefu enamanzi, iphantsi, ayichaphazeli i-resin, ineepropathi ezibonakalayo, akufuneki zongeze izinto ezongeziweyo, kwaye zinokuveliswa ngokuthe ngqo kwisityalo semveliso.

3.Ukumba i-resin

Xa kuthelekiswa ne-Polyerter ye-Polyerter ye-Polyerter ye-polyerter, ubunzima be-resin buphuculwe kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuphuhliswa komzi-mveliso wasemzantsi ophantsi we-polyerter ongenasidima, ngakumbi iimfuno ezintsha zibekelwe phambili ekusebenzeni okungacwangciswanga, ngakumbi ngokobuchule. Ukuqunjelwa kweentsuku zangaphantsi okungathethekiyo emva kokunyanga kuphantse kube yingxaki ebalulekileyo kuthintela ukukhula kwamaxabiso angenasiphelo. Nokuba yimveliso yezandla ezityhidiweyo okanye inxeba elibunjiweyo okanye lenxeba, i-elonghation ngekhefu iba sisiphumo esibalulekileyo sokuvavanya umgangatho weemveliso zokuphumla.

Okwangoku, abavelisi bamanye amazwe basebenzisa indlela yokongeza i-resin egcweleyo ukuphucula ubuchule. Njengokusongeza i-polyerter egcwele i-polyerter, i-styrene-butber yerabha kunye ne-carboxy-iqhekezwe Ingasetyenziselwa ukwazisa i-Polymers ye-Plet kwikhonkco eliphambili le-polyerter, njengokunxibelelana kwenethiwekhi yenethiwekhi engacwangciswanga kunye ne-polysin kunye ne-polysin kunye ne-pollin ream, amandla empembelelo. , Le ndlela yokugcoba yeyokwimichiza yokuthambisa iikhemikhali. Indibaniselwano yokugculelwa emzimbeni kunye nokugculelwa kwamachiza inokusetyenziswa, njengokuxuba i-polyester engasebenziyo engenasiphelo kunye nezinto ezingasebenziyo zokufezekisa ukuguquguquka okufunekayo.

Okwangoku, amaphepha e-SMC asetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumzi-mveliso wemoto ngenxa yobunzima bayo bokukhanya, amandla aphezulu, ukuxhathisa okuphakathi, kunye nokuyila ukuguquguquka. Ngeendawo ezibalulekileyo ezinjengeephaneli ezizenzekelayo, iingcango zangasemva, kunye neephaneli zangaphandle, ukuqina okuhle kuyafuneka, ezinjengeepaneli ezingaphandle zemoto. Abalindi banokubuyela kwinqanaba elincinci kwaye babuyele kwimilo yabo yoqobo emva kwempembelelo encinci. Ukonyusa ubunzima be-resin kuhlala kuphulukana nezinye iipropathi ze-resin, njengokubukhala, amandla atshisiweyo, ukumelana nobushushu, nokukhawulezisa isantya ngexesha lokwakha. Ukuphucula ubunzima be-resin ngaphandle kokuphulukana nezinye iipropathi zemveli zemveli ze-resin ziye zaba sisihloko esibalulekileyo kuphando kunye nophuhliso lwee-realring ezingenamadoli.

4.Ukuhlala i-styrene wist

Kwinkqubo yokulungisa i-polyerter engabhalwanga, ityhefu enetyhefu iya kubangela ingozi enkulu kwimpilo yabasebenzi bokwakha. Kwangelo xesha, isitayile sikhutshwa emoyeni, esiya kuthi sibangele ungcoliseko lomoya olunzulu. Ke ngoko, abasemagunyeni abaninzi banciphisa uxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo lweStynene emoyeni yeworkshop yemveliso. Umzekelo, eUnited States, inqanaba lokubonisa elivumelekileyo (inqanaba lokubonisa elivumelekileyo) yi-50ppm, ngelixa iSwitzerland Ixabiso le-PEL liyi-25ppm, umxholo ophantsi awuyongxaki ukufezekisa. Ukuthembela kwi-ventilation eyomeleleyo kukwalinganiselwe. Kwangelo xesha, umoya onamandla ovuthayo uya kukhokelela ekuphulukaneni nelahleko evela kumphezulu wemveliso kunye nokuziqeqeshelwa kwenani elininzi leStyrene emoyeni. Ke ngoko, ukufumana indlela yokunciphisa ingxoziselo yestyrene, ukusuka engcambu, kuseyimfuneko ukugqiba lo msebenzi kwisityalo semveliso ye-resin. Oku kufuna ukuba kuphuhliswe i-styrene ye-styrene (i-LSE) engangcolisiyo okanye ngaphantsi kongcolise umoya, okanye i-polyester engadibaniyo ngaphandle kwe-standors.

Ukunciphisa umxholo weziqulatho eziguqukayo kuba sisihloko esiphuhliswe nguMzi-mveliso wase-Polyerter ongenamazwe angaphandle kule minyaka idlulileyo. Zininzi iindlela ezisetyenziswayo ngoku: (1) Indlela yokongeza ii-inhibitory eziphantsi; . . Enye indlela yokunciphisa ingxoxo yesyrene kukwazisa ezinye iiyunithi ezifana neDicyClopentadiene kunye nezinto zayo ezingenaziphene, kwaye ekugqibeleni zinciphise umxholo weStyrene Monomer.

Xa ufuna indlela yokusombulula ingxaki yokuziqengqeleka kweStyrene, kunyanzelekile ukuba aqwalasele ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezikhoyo zokubumba ezifana nokutshiza komhlaba, i-SMC ye-SMC, indleko zezinto eziluhlaza zemveliso yemveliso, kwaye ukuhambelana nenkqubo ye-resin. , IRedin Reave, i-viscosity, iipropathi zoomatshini ze-resin emva kokubumba, njl njl. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuphuculwa kwemigangatho yabantu yokuphila kunye nokuphuculwa kokwaziswa kwabantu ngenxa yempilo yabo kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo, ngumbandela wexesha ngaphambi kokuba umthetho othengiweyo ongenakuthelekiswa nathi.

5.Corilasion-Ukunganyangeki

Enye yezona zinto zininzi zingacingeli i-Polyesterster engaqhelekanga kukungaxhathisi kwabo kwiikhemikhali ezinjengeenyikiveni, ii-AIDS, iziseko, neetyuwa. Ngokutsho kokungeniswa kweengcali zenethiwekhi ze-resen, i-corrosion yangoku yokunganyangeki yahlulwe yangamacandelo alandelayo: (1) O-Bezene (2) Uhlobo lweso-Benzene; (3) Uhlobo lwe-P-Bezene; (4) i-bisphenol uhlobo; (5) Uhlobo lwe-vinyl enkulu; Kwaye ezinye ezinje ngohlobo lweXyyne, uhlobo lwe-halogn-equkethwe, njl. njl. I-resin iguqulwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, njengokwazisa i-skeleton ekunzima ukuyifumana, okanye isebenzisa i-polyester engqungquthela, i-vinyl esters kunye ne-i-Inclonanate ukwenza ukumelana nokunganyangeki ye-resin. Ukuchasana nokuchasana kuyasebenza kakhulu, kwaye i-resin iveliswe yindlela yokuxuba i-acid resin inokufezekisa ukunganyangeki okungcono.

Kuthelekiswa neI-epoxy iphinda isebenze,Indleko eziphantsi kunye nokusetyenzwa ngokulula kokuncitshiswa kwePolyerter ezingekho mthethweni kube yingenelo enkulu. Ngokutsho kweengcali ze-winsin engaqhelekanga, ukumelana nokunganyangeki kwe-polyerter engalunganga, ngakumbi i-alkali enganyangekiyo, iphantsi kakhulu kwi-Epoxy Retin. Ayikwazi ukufaka i-epoxy resin. Okwangoku, ukunyuka komgangatho we-anti-corrosion piloor kudala amathuba kunye nemiceli mngeni yokubuyisa i-polyester engadibaniyo. Ke ngoko, ukuphuculwa kwe-rerosions echasayo echasayo inamathemba ngokubanzi.

6.I-gel coat retin

Ingubo yejeyi idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwizinto ezihlanganisiweyo. Ayisidlali indima yokuhombisa kumphezulu weemveliso ze-FRP, kodwa idlala indima ekuxhaphazweni, ukuxhathisa ixhaphakile kunye nokunganyangeki kwamachiza. Ngokutsho kweengcali kwinethiwekhi ye-relin engacwangciswanga, umkhombandlela ophuhlisayo wengubo ye-gel kukukhulisa i-villa ye-gesi enobuqhetseba ophantsi, ukomisa umoya owomileyo kunye nokunganyangeki komoya. Kukho intengiso enkulu yengubo ye-gel enganyangekiyo kwi-gel yengubo ye-gel. Ukuba izinto ezigwenxa zintywiliselwa ngamanzi ashushu ixesha elide, ii-bhasi ziya kuvela kumphezulu. Kwangelo xesha, ngenxa yokuqhutywa kancinci kwamanzi kwizinto ezihlanganisiweyo, i-bhasi ephantsi iya kwanda ngokuthe ngcembe. Iibhulukhwe aziyi kuchaphazela kuphela ukubonakala kwengubo yejeyi iya kunciphisa ngokuthe ngcembe iipropathi zemveliso.

Pheka iikopi kunye ne-polymers cowmers co.s, i-USA, isebenzisa iindlela ze-Epoxy kunye ne-Glycidyl ye-EUTER-TRECMYL ETEROR-TREAT-TOER-TOER-TREAT-TOUR-TREAT-TOURE YENDLELA YOKUZIPHATHA NGOKUGQIBELA NOKUPHILA KWAMAMANZI AMAHLA NOKUHLAZIYWA KOKUGQIBELA. Ukongeza, inkampani ikwasebenzisa i-Polyether Polyeter Polyol-I-Epoxy-i-Epoxy-i-Epoxy-i-Epoxy i-A (i-rexen) kunye ne-dicyclopedene (i-DCPD) -i-resin) -e-resin b (i-DCPD) ye-REARD), zombini ezinayo emva kokuchasa, i-resin yokuchasana ne Yiba nokungaxhathisi kwamanzi kuphela, kodwa ube nenzuzo elungileyo namandla. Izinyibilikisi okanye ezinye izinto eziphantsi zemolekyuli zingena kwinkqubo ye-FRP ye-FRP ye-Gel ye-Gel, ukuba i-resin enganyangekiyo ngamanzi ngezakhiwo ezigqibeleleyo.

7. Ilikhanyisi etyhalela i-Polyster ecocekileyo

Impawu zokukhawulezisa ukukhanya kwe-Polyester eNgeyo i-Polyester i-Polin yobomi bembiza yobomi kunye nesantya sokunyathela ngokukhawuleza. I-Polyester engonwabisiyo ingenakuhlangabezana neemfuno zokunciphisa ukungcungcuthekiswa kweStyrene ngokwazi ukukhanya. Ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kweefolpheshini kunye nezixhobo zokukhanyisa, isiseko sophuhliso lwe-resins ekhompyutheni ibekwe. I-UV-I-UV-i-UV-i-UV-i-I-Underafter eyahlukileyo ye-Polyester iphuhlisiwe iphuhliswe ngempumelelo kwaye ifakwe kwimveliso ngezixa ezikhulu. Ipropathi yezinto ezibonakalayo, ukusebenza kwenkqubo kunye nokunxiba okungaphezulu kuyaphuculwa, kwaye ukuvelisa ukusebenza kwemveliso kuyaphuculwa ngokusebenzisa le nkqubo.

8. Ixabiso le-resin enepropathi ekhethekileyo

I-RISS iquka i-resins ebiziweyo kunye nentsalela enqabileyo. Okwangoku, ukunqongophala kwamandla omthi kunendlela ephezulu kuluhlu. Kukho ukunqongophala kwabaqhubi abanobuchule ukusebenza kumzi-mveliso wokulungisa iinkuni, kwaye aba basebenzi bayanda. Ezo meko zidala iimeko zeplasitiki zobunjineli ukuba zingene kwimarike yeenkuni. I-resins ebilisiwe kwaye i-resins enamanzi aya kuphuhliswa njengeenkuni zokufakelwa kwishishini lefanitshala ngenxa yeendleko zabo eziphantsi kunye namandla aphezulu. Isicelo siya kucotha ekuqaleni, kwaye ke ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwetekhnoloji yetekhnoloji, esi sicelo siya kuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza.

I-relins engonwabisiyo ingenzi i-polyester inokuthi inyibilikiswe ukwenza i-resins ebiweyo enokusetyenziswa njengeephaneli zodonga, ezenziweyo zangaphambi kwegumbi lokuhlambela, nangaphezulu. Ubunzima kunye namandla eplastiki ebizishumi ngeplasitiki ene-polyerter engadibaniyo njengoko i-matrix ilunge ngakumbi kuneyona PS; Kulula ukusebenza kune-PVC; Indleko iphantsi kuneyona yeplastiki ye-polysurethane ebiyiwe, kwaye ukongezwa kwelangahla ilangazelelo kunokwenza idangatye kunye nokulwa. Nangona itekhnoloji yesicelo ye-resin sele iphuhlisiwe ngokupheleleyo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-Polyester engekho mthethweni kwifenitshala engakhange ithathelwe ingqalelo kakhulu. Emva kophando, abavelisi abazimeleyo banomdla omkhulu ekuphuhliseni olu hlobo lutsha lwezinto. Eminye imiba ephambili (umkhuhlane, ubusi obusikhuhlane, ubuhlobo bexesha lokutsala kwe-gene, i-exin ye-curvermic lolawulo ayikhange isetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo, le mpahla inokusetyenziswa kuphela ngenxa yexabiso layo eliphantsi kwishishini. Kanye Ezi ngxaki zisonjululwe, le venkile iya kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezinje nge-foame defokhwe yokuhlawula i-foames kunokuba isebenzise nje uqoqosho.

Amanzi anemichiza enobuqhetseba anokwahlulwa kwiindidi ezimbini: uhlobo lwamanzi anyibilikayo kunye nohlobo lwe-emulsion. Kwangoko kwasekupheleni kowe-1960s phesheya, kuye kwakho amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza kunye neencwadi zoncwadi kule ndawo. I-resin-ene-resin equlathe amanzi njenge-filler ye-polyerter engacwangciswanga iphinda iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde i-wil, kwaye umxholo wamanzi ungaba phezulu kwi-50%. I-resin enjalo ibizwa ngokuba yi-wep resin. I-resin ineempawu zexabiso eliphantsi, ubunzima bokukhanya emva konyango, ukubuyela kwelangatye kunye ne-shrinkini ephantsi. Uphuhliso kunye nophando lwamanzi oluqukethwe i-resin kwilizwe lam zaqala ngo-1980, kwaye ibilixesha elide. Ngokwesicelo, isetyenzisiwe njengearhente esebenzayo. I-volyer ye-polyerter ecocekileyo yi-upoden yohlobo olutsha lwe-upr. Itekhnoloji yelebhu iyakwazi ngakumbi kwaye iqolile ngakumbi, kodwa kukho uphando oluncinci kwisicelo. Iingxaki ezifuna ukusonjululwa ngakumbi kukuzinza kwe-emulsion, ezinye iingxaki kwinkqubo yokunyanga neyokubumba, kunye nengxaki yokuvunywa kwabathengi. Ngokubanzi, i-10,000-i-rolyen-rolyen engadibaniyo inokuvelisa malunga neetoni ezingama-600 zamanzi amdaka minyaka le. Ukuba i-speinkige iveliswe kwinkqubo yemveliso ye-polyerter engacwangciswanga isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-resin equkethe i-resin, iya kunciphisa iindleko zokugcina ukhuseleko lwendalo.

Sijongane neemveliso ze-resin zilandelayo: i-polyerter engaqhelekanga;vinyl resin; I-Gel Coat Retin; I-epoxy resin.

SikwavelisaI-Figberg Rive,I-figberglass mats, I-fiberglass mesh, kwayeI-fiberglass yoloka.

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