iindaba

Ngengqiqo ebanzi, ukuqonda kwethu ifayibha yeglasi ibisoloko iyinto ye-inorganic non-metallic material, kodwa ngokunzulu kophando, siyazi ukuba eneneni zininzi iindidi zemicu yeglasi, kwaye zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu, kwaye kukho. zininzi ezibalaseleyo Iinzuzo. Umzekelo, amandla ayo omatshini aphezulu kakhulu, kwaye ukuxhathisa ubushushu kunye nokumelana nomhlwa kukwalungile kakhulu. Kuyinyani ukuba akukho sixhobo sigqibeleleyo, kwaye i-fiber yeglasi nayo ineziphene zayo ezingenakuhoywa, oko kukuthi, ayigugi kwaye ithande ukuba brittleness. Ngoko ke, ukuze sisebenzise amandla ethu, sifanele sisebenzise amandla ethu size sibuphephe ubuthathaka bethu.

Iimathiriyeli ekrwada yefiber yeglasi kulula ukuzifumana, ikakhulu ezilahliweyo zeglasi endala okanye iimveliso zeglasi. Ifiber yeglasi ilungile kakhulu, kwaye ngaphezulu kwe-20 yeglasi monofilaments xa idibene ilingana nobukhulu beenwele. Ifiber yeglasi iqhele ukusetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuqinisa kwizinto ezidityanisiweyo. Ngenxa yobunzulu bophando lwefibre yeglasi kwiminyaka yakutshanje, idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwimveliso kunye nobomi bethu. Amanqaku ambalwa alandelayo achaza ngokukodwa inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwefiber yeglasi. Eli nqaku lazisa iipropathi, amacandelo aphambili, iimpawu eziphambili, kunye nokuhlelwa kwezinto zeglasi yefiber. Amanqaku alandelayo alandelayo aya kuxubusha inkqubo yayo yokuvelisa, ukukhuselwa kokhuseleko, uSetyenziso oluphambili, ukukhuselwa kokhuseleko, isimo soshishino kunye nophuhliso lwamathuba achazwe.

Iintshayelelo

1.1 Iimpawu zefiber zeglasi

Olunye uphawu oluhle kakhulu lwefiber yeglasi ngamandla alo aphezulu, anokufikelela kwi-6.9g / d kwimeko esemgangathweni kunye ne-5.8g / d kwimeko emanzi. Iipropathi ezigqwesileyo ezinjalo zenza i-fiber yeglasi rhoqo Inokusetyenziswa jikelele njengento yokuqinisa. Inoxinzelelo lwe-A lwe-2.54. Ifayibha yeglasi nayo ikwazi ukumelana nobushushu, kwaye igcina iimpawu zayo eziqhelekileyo kuma-300°C. I-Fiberglass ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengento yokugquma i-thermal kunye nezinto ezikhuselayo, ngenxa yeempawu zayo zokugquma umbane kunye nokungakwazi kwayo ukubola lula.

1.2 Izithako eziphambili

Ukubunjwa kwefiber yeglasi kunzima. Ngokuqhelekileyo, amacandelo aphambili abonwa ngumntu wonke yi-silica, i-magnesium oxide, i-sodium oxide, i-boron oxide, i-aluminium oxide, i-calcium oxide njalo njalo. Ububanzi be-monofilament ye-glass fiber malunga ne-10 microns, elilingana ne-1/10 yobubanzi beenwele. Inyanda nganye yeentsinga yenziwe ngamawaka ee-monofilaments. Inkqubo yokuzoba yahluke kancinane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umxholo we-silica kwi-fiber yeglasi yenza i-50% ukuya kwi-65%. Amandla okuqina eentsinga zeglasi kunye nomxholo we-aluminium oxide ngaphezulu kwe-20% aphezulu kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo i-glass fibers ephezulu, ngelixa umxholo we-aluminium oxide we-alkali-free glass fibers jikelele malunga ne-15%. Ukuba ufuna ukwenza i-fiber yeglasi ibe ne-elastic modulus enkulu, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba umxholo we-magnesium oxide mkhulu kune-10%. Ngenxa yefiber yeglasi equlethe ixabiso elincinci le-ferric oxide, ukuxhathisa kwayo kwe-corrosion kuye kwaphuculwa ngamazinga ahlukeneyo.

1.3 Iimpawu eziphambili

1.3.1 Imathiriyeli ekrwada kunye nokusetyenziswa

Xa kuthelekiswa ne-inorganic fibers, iipropathi ze-glass fibers ziphezulu. Kunzima kakhulu ukuvutha, ukumelana nobushushu, ukugquma ubushushu, ukuzinza ngakumbi, kunye nokumelana nokuqina. Kodwa i-brittle kwaye ayinakukwazi ukunxiba. Isetyenziselwa ukwenza iiplastiki ezomeleziweyo okanye ezisetyenziselwa ukomeleza irabha, njengefiber yeglasi eyomelezayo inezi mpawu zilandelayo:

(1) Amandla ayo okuqina angcono kunezinye izinto, kodwa ubude buphantsi kakhulu.

(2) I-elastic coefficient ifanelekile ngakumbi.

3

4

(5) Akulula ukufunxa amanzi.

(6) Ukumelana nobushushu kwaye uzinzile kwindalo, akukho lula ukusabela.

7

(8) Inokudlulisa ukukhanya.

(9) Ekubeni kulula ukuzifumana izinto zokwakha, ixabiso alibizi.

(10) Kubushushu obuphezulu, endaweni yokutshisa, iyanyibilika ibe ngamaso angamanzi.

1.4 Ukuhlelwa

Ngokwemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokuhlela, ifayibha yeglasi inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezininzi. Ngokwemilo eyahlukeneyo kunye nobude, inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezintathu: iifiber eziqhubekayo, i-fiber cotton kunye nefibers ubude obusisigxina. Ngokwamacandelo ahlukeneyo, anjengomxholo wealkali, inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezintathu: ifayibha yeglasi engenaalkali, ifayibha yeglasi ephakathi-alkali, kunye nefayibha yeglasi ephezulu.

1.5 Izixhobo zokuvelisa ekrwada

Kwimveliso yangempela yemizi-mveliso, ukwenzela ukuvelisa i-fiber yeglasi, sifuna i-alumina, isanti ye-quartz, i-limestone, i-pyrophyllite, i-dolomite, i-soda ash, i-mirabilite, i-boric acid, i-fluorite, i-fiber glass fiber, njl.

1.6 Indlela yokuvelisa

Iindlela zokuvelisa kwimizi-mveliso zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: enye kukunyibilikisa iintsinga zeglasi kuqala, emva koko wenze iimveliso zeglasi ezingqukuva okanye ezimilise okwentonga ezinobubanzi obuncinci. Emva koko, ishushu kwaye iyancibilika kwakhona ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza imicu emihle kunye nobubanzi be-3-80 μm. Olunye uhlobo lukwanyibilikisa iglasi kuqala, kodwa luvelise imicu yeglasi endaweni yeentonga okanye iingqukuva. Isampulu emva koko yatsalwa ngepleyiti yeplatinam kusetyenziswa indlela yokuzoba ngoomatshini. Amanqaku aphumayo abizwa ngokuba ziifibers eziqhubekayo. Ukuba iintsinga zizotywa ngolungiselelo lwe-roller, amanqaku avelayo abizwa ngokuba ziifibers ezingapheliyo, ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziifibers zeglasi ezisikiweyo ukuya kubude, kunye neentsinga ezisisiseko.

1.7 Ukuhlelwa

Ngokutsho kokwakheka okwahlukileyo, ukusetyenziswa kunye neempawu zefiber yeglasi, yohlulwe ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Iintsinga zeglasi ezithe zathengiswa kumazwe ngamazwe zezi zilandelayo:

1.7.1 I-E-glass

Yiglasi ye-borate, ebizwa ngokuba yi-alkali-free glass kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Ngenxa yeengenelo zayo ezininzi, yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Okwangoku sesona sisetyenziswa kakhulu, nangona sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kodwa sineziphene ezingenakuphepheka. Isabela ngokulula ngeetyuwa ze-inorganic, ngoko ke kunzima ukuyigcina kwindawo eneasidi.

1.7.2 C-iglasi

Kwimveliso yokwenyani, ikwabizwa ngokuba yiglasi yealkali ephakathi, eneempawu zeekhemikhali ezizinzileyo kunye nokuxhathisa okuhle kweasidi. Ukungalungi kwayo kukuba amandla omatshini akaphezulu kwaye ukusebenza kombane kubi. Iindawo ezahlukeneyo zinemigangatho eyahlukileyo. Kumzi mveliso wefayibha yeglasi yasekhaya, akukho nto yeboron kwiglasi yealkali ephakathi. Kodwa kumzi mveliso wefayibha yeglasi yangaphandle, into abayivelisayo yiglasi yealkali ephakathi eneboron. Akukho kuphela umxholo owahlukileyo, kodwa indima edlalwa yiglasi ye-alkali ephakathi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe nayo yahlukile. Iimethi zomphezulu weglasi kunye neentonga zefiber zeglasi eziveliswe phesheya zenziwe ngeglasi yealkali ephakathi. Kwimveliso, iglasi ye-alkali ephakathi iyasebenza kwi-asphalt. Kwilizwe lam, injongo yesizathu kukuba isetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yexabiso layo eliphantsi kakhulu, kwaye iyasebenza kuyo yonke indawo kwishishini lelaphu lokusonga kunye nesihluzi.

Intonga yeFiberglass

1.7.3 Ifayibha yeglasi Iglasi

Kwimveliso, abantu bayibiza ngokuba yiglasi ye-alkali ephezulu, eyeyeglasi ye-sodium silicate, kodwa ngenxa yokumelana kwayo namanzi, ayiveliswanga njengefiber yeglasi.

1.7.4 Iglasi yeFiberglass D

Ikwabizwa ngokuba yiglasi ye-dielectric kwaye ngokubanzi yeyona nto iphambili ekrwada kwiifiber zeglasi zedielectric.

1.7.5 Iglasi yefayibha yeglasi ephezulu yomelele

Amandla ayo yi-1/4 ephezulu kunaleyo ye-E-glass fiber, kwaye imodyuli yayo elastiki iphezulu kune-E-glass fiber. Ngenxa yeenzuzo zayo ezahlukeneyo, kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokubanzi, kodwa ngenxa yeendleko zayo eziphezulu, okwangoku Ikwasetyenziswa kuphela kwezinye iindawo ezibalulekileyo, ezifana nemboni yezempi, i-aerospace kunye nokunye.

1.7.5 Ifayibha yeglasi ye-AR yeglasi

Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-alkali-resistant glass fiber, eyifayibha esulungekileyo ye-inorganic kwaye isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuqinisa kwifayibha yeglasi eyomeleziweyo. Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezithile, inokuthi ithathe indawo yentsimbi kunye ne-asbestos.

1.7.6 Ifayibha yeglasi ye-E-CR iglasi

Yiglasi ephuculweyo ye-boron kunye ne-alkali-free. Ngenxa yokuba ukuxhathisa kwamanzi kuphantse kube ngamaxesha ali-10 aphezulu kunaleyo ye-alkali-free glass fiber, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yeemveliso ezilwa namanzi. Ngaphezu koko, ukuxhathisa kwayo ngeasidi kunamandla kakhulu, kwaye ikwindawo ephezulu kwimveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemibhobho engaphantsi komhlaba. Ukongezelela kwiintsinga zeglasi eziqhelekileyo ezikhankanywe ngasentla, izazinzulu ngoku ziye zavelisa uhlobo olutsha lwefiber yeglasi. Kuba iyimveliso engenaboron, yanelisa ukufuna kwabantu ukukhusela okusingqongileyo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kukho olunye uhlobo lwefiber yeglasi ethandwa kakhulu, yifiber yeglasi eneglasi ephindwe kabini. Kwiimveliso zoboya beglasi zangoku, sinokububona ubukho bayo.

1.8 Ukuchongwa kweefiber zeglasi

Indlela yokwahlula iifayili zeglasi ilula ngokukodwa, oko kukuthi, ukubeka iifayili zeglasi emanzini, ukufudumala kude kube ngamanzi abilayo, kwaye ugcine iiyure ezingama-6-7. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba i-warp kunye ne-weft yezalathiso zemicu yeglasi ziba zincinci, ziphezulu iintsinga zeglasi yealkali. . Ngokwemigangatho eyahlukeneyo, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuhlela iifayili zeglasi, eziye zahlulwe ngokubanzi kwiimbono zobude kunye nobubanzi, ukubunjwa kunye nokusebenza.

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