Iindaba

Ngokwendlela ebanzi, ukuqonda kwethu i-fiber yeglasi bekusoloko kuyinto engenasinyithi, kodwa ngokwenza nzulu uphando, siyazi ukuba kukho iindlela ezininzi zeglasi, kwaye zisebenza kakuhle, kwaye apho Zininzi ezibalaseleyo kwiingenelo. Umzekelo, amandla ayo okusebenzisa oomatshini ayiphezulu, kwaye ukuxhathisa ubushushu kunye nokuxhathisa ubushushu kukhulu ngakumbi. Kuyinyani ukuba akukho nto igqibeleleyo, kwaye ifayibha yefayibha ikwanokutonwa kwayo okungafunekiyo okungakhathalelwanga, oko kukuthi, ayichaphazeli kwaye ichaphazeleke kakhulu. Ke ngoko, kwisicelo esibonakalayo, kufuneka sisebenzise amandla ethu kwaye siphephe ubuthathaka bethu.

Izinto ezingafunekiyo zefibre zeglasi zilula ukufumana, ubukhulu beglasi yakudala okanye iimveliso zeglasi. I-fiber yeglasi ilungile, kwaye ngaphezulu kwe-20 i-20 monofivelises kunye ilingana nobungqingqwa beenwele. I-fiber yeglasi ihlala isetyenziswa njengezinto zokuqina kwizinto ezihlanganisiweyo. Ngenxa yenzuzo yophando lwe-fiber yeglasi kule minyaka idlulileyo, idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yethu kunye nobomi. Amanqaku ambalwa alandelayo achaza inkqubo yemveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-fiber yeglasi. Eli nqaku lazisa iipropathi, izinto eziphambili, iimpawu eziphambili, kunye nokuhlelwa kwezinto zefayiwe yeglasi. Amanqaku ambalwa alandelayo aza kuthetha ngenkqubo yayo yemveliso, ukukhuselwa ngokukhuselekileyo, ukusebenzisa okuphambili, ukukhuselwa kokhuseleko, imeko yeshishini kunye nethemba lophuhliso lichaziwe.

Iukuzala

1.1 Iifestile ze-fiber zeglasi

Elinye inqaku elihle le-fiber yeglasi ngamandla aphezulu aphezulu, enokufikelela kwi-6.9g / d kwimo esemgangathweni kunye ne-5.8G / D kwimo emanzi. Ezo mpawu zibalaseleyo zenza i-fiber yeglasi zihlala zisetyenziswa rhoqo ngokomda wokuqina. Inoxinano lwe-2.54. I-fiber yeglasi nayo ikwaxhaphake kakhulu, kwaye igcina ipropathi yayo eqhelekileyo nge-300 ° C. I-fiberglass ikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengokuchonga okufihlakeleyo kunye nezinto ezikhuselayo, ngenxa yepropathi yayo yokufaka yombane kunye nokungakwazi kwawo ngokulula.

1.2 Izithako eziphambili

Ukuqulunqwa kwe-fiber yeglasi inzima. Ngokubanzi, izinto eziphambili ezamkelwa ngumntu wonke, yi-silica, i-magnesium oxide, i-sodium oxide, i-boron oxide, i-alcium oxide, kunjalo. Ububanzi be-monofilation ye-fiber yeglasi imalunga ne-10 microns, elingana ne-1/10 yobubanzi beenwele. Isiqwengana ngasinye seentsinga siqulunqwe ngamawakawaka emnyama. Inkqubo yokuzoba yahlukile kancinane. Ngokwesiqhelo, umxholo we-silica kwi-akhawunti ye-fiber fiber engama-50% ukuya kwi-65%. Amandla e-thanser ye-rigs ene-Aluminium Oxpide engaphezulu kwe-20% aphezulu, ahlala imixholo yeglasi ye-Alkali-Free i-Alkali-Fiders ye-Alkali-Free i-Alkali-Fiders ye-Alkali-Free i-Alkali-Fider yeglasi ye-Alkali. Ukuba ufuna ukwenza i-fiber ye-fiber ineemodyuli ze-elastic ze-elastic, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba umxholo we-magnesium oxide mkhulu kune-10%. Ngenxa yefayibha yeglasi enexabiso elincinci le-ferric oxide, ukumelana nokunganyangeki kuye kuphuculwe iidigri ezahlukeneyo.

1.3 Iimpawu eziphambili

1.3.1 Izinto ezingafunekiyo kunye nezicelo

Xa kuthelekiswa nemifuno ye-inorganic, iipropathi zeentsinga zeglasi ziphezulu kakhulu. Kunzima ngakumbi ukuthoba, ukuxhaphaza ubushushu, ukubekwa kobushushu, ukuzinza okungakumbi, kunye nokunganyangeki. Kodwa iBrittle kwaye inesidima esihluphekayo. Isetyenziselwa ukwenza iplasitiki eqinileyo okanye isetyenziselwa ukomeleza irabha, njengoko i-firring fiber yeglasi yezinto ezibonakalayo inezi mpawu zilandelayo:

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(2) Ukusebenza kwe-elastic kufanelekile.

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(5) Akulula ukufumana amanzi.

(6) Ukungavisisani nokungazinzi kwindalo, akukho lula ukusabela.

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(8) Unokudlulisela ukukhanya.

(9) Kuba izixhobo kulula ukuyifumana, ixabiso alibizi.

(10) Kwiqondo lobushushu obuphezulu, endaweni yokutsha, iyanyibilika ibe ngamanzi amanzi.

1.4 ukwahlulahlula

Ngokwemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokwahlula, ifayibha yeglasi inokwahlulwa kwiintlobo ezininzi. Ngokwemilo eyahlukeneyo kunye nobude obude, bunokwahlulwa kuba ziindidi ezintathu: iintsinga eziqhubekayo, i-fiber cotton kunye neentsinga ezisisigxina. Ngokwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngomxholo weAlkali, zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintathu: i-alkali-free fiber fiber, i-fiber yeglasi ye-Alkali, kunye ne-fiber yeglasi yeglasi.

1.5 IZIBHENO ZOKUVULA

Ngokukona ukuveliswa kwemveliso yemveliso, ukuze sivelise i-fiber yeglasi, sifuna i-Aluminii, i-quartz, iPyrophyllite, i-ish, i-birilite, i-farber fiber, njl.

1.6 Indlela yemveliso

Iindlela zokuveliswa kwemizi-mveliso zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: enye kukunyibilika iintsinga zeglasi kuqala, emva koko zenze iimveliso zeglasi ezinamafutha kunye needayamitha ezincinci. Emva koko, ishushu kwaye iphinde inyibilike ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza iintsinga ezihle ezinobubanzi obuyi-3-80 μm. Olunye uhlobo luyanyibilika kwiglasi kuqala, kodwa uvelise iintsinga zeglasi endaweni yeentonga okanye amabakala. Isampulu yatsalwa ngeplate yeplatinam yeplatinam usebenzisa indlela yokumiso. Amanqaku aphumeleleyo abizwa ngokuba ziintsinga eziqhubekayo. Ukuba iintsinga zitsalwa ngolungelelwaniso lwe-roller, amanqaku aphumelelweyo abizwa ngokuba ziintsinga ze-dibers, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiglasi yeglasi yeglasi, kunye neentsinga.

1.7 Ukusebenza

Ngokutyumba okwahlukileyo, ukusebenzisa kunye neepropathi zefayibha yeglasi, yahlule ngokwangamabanga ahlukeneyo. Iintsinga zeglasi ezazithengisiwe kwilizwe liphela zezi zilandelayo:

1.7.1 Iglasi

Yiglasi, ebizwa ngokuba yiglasi yealkali-yasimahla kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Ngenxa yezibonelelo zabo ezininzi, yeyona isetyenzisiweyo. Okwangoku isetyenziswa kakhulu, nangona isetyenziswa kakhulu, kodwa ikwaneentsilelo ezinqabileyo. Isebenza ngokulula ngetyuwa ye-inrganic, ngoko kunzima ukugcina kwindawo ye-acidic.

1.7.2 c-glass

Kwimveliso yokwenene, ikwabizwa ngokuba yiglasi yase-Alkali, enezindlu ezizinzileyo zeekhemikhali kunye nokuchasana ne-Acid elungileyo. Ukungaqiniseki kwayo kukuba amandla omatshini ayiphezulu kwaye ukusebenza kombane kulihlwempu. Iindawo ezahlukeneyo zinemigangatho eyahlukeneyo. Kumzi mveliso wefibre yefibre yefibre, akukho nto ye-boron kwiglasi ye-Alkali. Kodwa kwiGlasi yeGlasi yeGlasi yeGlasi, into abayivelisayo yiglasi yase-Alkali equkethe i-boron. Ayisiyo kuphela umxholo owahlukileyo, kodwa nendima edlalwa yiglasi yephakathi-alkali ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ikwahlukile. I-Geber fiber ye-fiber ye-fiber kunye neglasi ye-fiber fiber eveliswe phesheya yenziwa ngeglasi ye-Alkali. Kwimveliso, iglasi ye-Alkali ye-Alkali nayo isebenza e-Asphalt. Kwilizwe lam, isizathu senjongo kukuba isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ngenxa yexabiso layo eliphantsi, kwaye liyasebenza naphi na apho kwishishini lefektri kunye necandelo lelaphu lelaphu.

I-fiberglass rod

1.7.3 I-fiber yeglasi kwiglasi

Kwimveliso, abantu bayayibiza ngokuba yiglasi ephezulu-alkali, eye yeyokwesilivere, kodwa ngenxa yokumelana kwamanzi, ayiveliswanga njenge fiber yeglasi.

1.7.4 fiberglass d iglasi

Ikwabizwa ngokuba yiglasi yedigric kwaye ngokubanzi yeyona nto iphambili kwi-fiber yeglasi yedigri.

1.7.5 iglasi ye-fiber echumileyo yeglasi

Amandla ayo ngu-1/4 ophezulu kuneyona ye-e-glass fiber, kunye nemodeli yayo ye-elastic ingaphezulu kune-e-glass fiber. Ngenxa yeengenelo zayo ezahlukeneyo, kufanele kusetyenziswe ngokubanzi, kodwa ngenxa yeendleko zayo eziphezulu, okwangoku isetyenziswe kuphela kumacandelo athile abalulekileyo, njengokweshishini, i-aerospace njalo njalo.

1.7.5 Iglasi yeglasi yeglasi

Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Alkali-Iglasi ye-Alkali-I-Alkali enganyangekiyo, eyi-Inorganic Fible isulungekile kwaye isetyenziswa njengendawo yokuqinisa kwi-fiber fiber eqinisekiswe kwikhonkrithi. Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, inokutshintsha intsimbi kunye ne-Asbestos.

1.7.6 Iglasi ye-fiber e-cr

Yiglasi ephuculweyo ye-boron kunye ne-alkali-engenasimahla. Kuba ukumelana kwamanzi kuphantle kuphazamiseka ka-10 ngaphezulu kuneyona fiber ye-alkali-yasimahla, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekuvelisweni kweemveliso ezinganyangekiyo zamanzi. Ngapha koko, ukuchasana ne-acid yayo kukhulisa kakhulu, kwaye ithatha indawo enkulu kwimveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemibhobho engaphantsi komhlaba. Ukongeza kwiglasi yeglasi eqhelekileyo ekhethekileyo ekhankanywe apha ngasentla, izazinzulu sele ziphuhlise uhlobo olutsha lwefayibha yeglasi. Kuba yimveliso yasimahla ye-boron, yanelisa ukufuna abantu ukukhusela okusingqongileyo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kukho olunye uhlobo lwefayibha yeglasi ethandwa kakhulu, eyi-fiber yeglasi enemigangatho yeglasi ephindwe kabini. Kwimveliso yangoku yeglasi yeglasi, sinokubona ubukho bayo.

1.8 Ukuchongwa kweentsinga zeglasi

Indlela yokwahlula iglasi yeglasi ilula kakhulu, oko kukuthi, ibeke iintsinga zeglasi emanzini, ubushushu de kube ngamanzi ambili, kwaye ayigcine iiyure ezingama-6-7. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba umkhombandlela we-Warp kunye ne-Weft ye-fibers yeglasi ibangaphantsi, i-ribers yeglasi ye-alkali. . Ngokwemigangatho eyahlukeneyo, zininzi iindlela zokuhlelwa kweglasi zeglasi, ezihlulelene ngokubanzi zivela kubude obude nobume, ubume kunye nokusebenza.

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