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Iqhawe Elingadunyiswanga LeeComposites: Ukuqonda Ngokunzulu Indlela Eyenziwa Ngayo I-Fiberglass Roving

Kwihlabathi lee-composites eziphambili, izinto ezifana ne-carbon fiber zihlala zitsala ingqalelo. Kodwa phantse yonke imveliso ye-fiberglass eqinileyo, eqinileyo, nekhaphukhaphu—ukusuka kwii-boat hulls kunye nee-wind turbine blades ukuya kwiindawo zeemoto kunye namachibi okudada—kukho izinto ezisisiseko zokuqinisa:ukuzulazula kwefiberglass. Le ntambo yeglasi eguquguqukayo neqhubekayo yeyona nto isebenzayo kushishino lwezinto ezidityanisiweyo. Kodwa le nto ibalulekileyo yenziwa njani?

Eli nqaku libonelela ngombono onzulu ngenkqubo yemizi-mveliso entsonkothileyo yokwenza i-fiberglass roving, ukusuka kwisanti eluhlaza ukuya kwi-spool yokugqibela elungele ukuthunyelwa.

Yintoni iFiberglass Roving?

Ngaphambi kokuba ungene kwi "ndlela," kubalulekile ukuqonda "yintoni."Ukuhambahamba nge-fiberglassyingqokelela yeentambo zeglasi ezihambelanayo neziqhubekayo ezihlanganiswe ndawonye zibe yintambo enye, engajijwanga. Ihlala ibotshelelwe kwi-spool enkulu okanye kwiphakheji yokwenza. Olu lwakhiwo lwenza ukuba ilungele iinkqubo apho amandla aphezulu kunye nokumanzisa ngokukhawuleza (ukugcwala nge-resin) kubalulekile, okunje:

–Ukuphambuka:Ukudala iiprofayili ezinqamlezileyo ezifana neebhima kunye neebha.

–Ukujika kweFilament:Ukwakha iinqanawa zoxinzelelo, iipayipi, kunye neekhabhathi zeenjini zerokhethi.

–Imveliso yeStrand Mat eqoshiweyo (CSM):Apho ukuzulazula kunqunyulwa khona kuze kuhanjiswe ngokungacwangciswanga kwi-mat.

–Izicelo zokutshiza:Ukusebenzisa isibhamu sokusika ukuze ufake i-resin kunye neglasi ngaxeshanye.

Isitshixo sokusebenza kwayo sisekudalweni kwayo okuqhubekayo kunye nomgangatho ococekileyo weentambo zeglasi nganye.

Inkqubo Yokuvelisa: Uhambo Oluvela Kwintlabathi Ukuya Kwi-Spool

Imveliso yeukuzulazula kwefiberglassyinkqubo eqhubekayo, enobushushu obuphezulu, kwaye ezenzekelayo kakhulu. Ingahlulwahlulwa ibe ngamanqanaba amathandathu abalulekileyo.

Inqanaba 1: Ukuqokelela – Iresiphi Echanekileyo

Kungamangalisa, kodwa i-fiberglass iqala ngezinto ezifanayo neziqhelekileyo njengolwandle: isanti ye-silica. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zikhethwa ngononophelo kwaye zixutywe. Lo mxube, owaziwa ngokuba yi-"batch," ngokuyintloko uqulathe oku kulandelayo:

–Isanti yeSilica (SiO₂):Iglasi yokuqala, enika umqolo wesakhiwo.

–Ilitye leLimestone (iCalcium Carbonate):Inceda ukuzinzisa iglasi.

–I-Soda Ash (i-Sodium Carbonate):Inciphisa ubushushu bokunyibilika kwesanti, igcina amandla.

–Ezinye izongezo:Izixa ezincinci zeeminerali ezifana ne-borax, udongwe, okanye i-magnesite zongezwa ukuze zinike iipropati ezithile ezifana nokumelana neekhemikhali okwandisiweyo (njengakwiglasi ye-E-CR) okanye ukugquma kombane (iglasi ye-E).

Ezi zinto ziluhlaza zilinganiswa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye zidityaniswe zibe ngumxube ofanayo, olungele ukutyiwa esitovini.

Inqanaba lesi-2: Ukunyibilika – Utshintsho Oluvuthayo

Ibhetshi ifakwa kwisithando esikhulu, esisebenza ngegesi yendalo esisebenza kumaqondo obushushu angaqhelekanga amalunga1400°C ukuya kwi-1600°C (2550°F ukuya kwi-2900°F)Ngaphakathi kwesi sihogo, izinto eziqinileyo eziluhlaza zitshintsha ngendlela emangalisayo, zinyibilika zibe lulwelo olufana nolwelo oluqinileyo olwaziwa ngokuba yiglasi enyibilikisiweyo. Isithando sisebenza ngokuqhubekayo, kunye nebhetshi entsha eyongeziweyo kwelinye icala kunye neglasi enyibilikisiweyo ethathwe kwelinye.

Inqanaba lesi-3: Ukufakelwa kweFibre - Ukuzalwa kweFilaments

Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo nenomdla kakhulu yenkqubo. Iglasi enyibilikisiweyo iphuma esithandweni somlilo iye kwizixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba yiukugquma ngesihlahlaI-bushing yipleyiti ye-platinum-rhodium alloy, ekwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu obugqithisileyo kunye nokugqwala, equlathe amakhulu okanye amawaka emingxunya emincinci, okanye iincam.

Njengoko iglasi enyibilikisiweyo idlula kwezi ncam, yenza imijelo emincinci, engaguquguqukiyo. Le mijelo ipholiswa ngokukhawuleza ize itsalwe ngoomatshini yi-winder ekhawulezayo esezantsi kakhulu. Le nkqubo yokuzoba iyayinciphisa iglasi, iyitsale ibe yimicu emincinci kakhulu enobubanzi obuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-9 ukuya kwi-24 micrometers—encinci kuneenwele zomntu.

Inqanaba lesi-4: Ukusetyenziswa kobungakanani - Isigqubuthelo esibalulekileyo

Emva kokuba imicu yenziwe, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ithintane, igqunywa ngesisombululo sekhemikhali esaziwa ngokuba yiubungakananiokanyeiarhente yokudibanisaEli nyathelo libaluleke kakhulu njengokwenziwa kwe-fiberization ngokwalo. Ubungakanani benza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo:

–Ukuthambisa:Ikhusela imicu ebuthathaka ekukrwelekeni komnye nomnye nakwizixhobo zokucubungula.

–Ukudibanisa:Yenza ibhulorho yeekhemikhali phakathi komphezulu weglasi ongaphiliyo kunye ne-organic polymer resin, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu ukunamathela kunye namandla okudibanisa.

–Ukunciphisa okungaguqukiyo:Ithintela ukuqokelelana kombane ongashukumiyo.

–Umanyano:Idibanisa imicu ukuze yenze umsonto odibeneyo.

Indlela ethile yokwenza ubungakanani iyimfihlo egcinwe ngabavelisi kwaye yenzelwe ukuba ihambelane neeresini ezahlukeneyo (i-polyester, i-epoxy,i-vinyl ester).

Inqanaba lesi-5: Ukuqokelela kunye nokwakheka kweStrand

Amakhulu eentambo ezizimeleyo nezinobukhulu obuhlukeneyo ngoku ayadibana. Zihlanganiswa ndawonye kuthotho lweerola, ezaziwa ngokuba zizihlangu zokuqokelela, ukuze zenze umsonto omnye, oqhubekayo—ukuzulazula okutsha. Inani leentambo eziqokelelweyo limisela "i-tex" yokugqibela okanye ubunzima ngobude bokujikeleza.

Inqanaba lesi-6: Ukujika - Iphakheji Yokugqibela

Umtya oqhubekayo wokuzulazulaEkugqibeleni ibotshelelwa kwikhola ejikelezayo, idala iphakheji enkulu, esisilinda ebizwa ngokuba yi-“doff” okanye “iphakheji yokwenza.” Isantya sokujika siphezulu kakhulu, sidla ngokudlula iimitha ezingama-3,000 ngomzuzu. Ii-winders zanamhlanje zisebenzisa ulawulo oluntsonkothileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iphakheji igobile ngokulinganayo kwaye inoxinzelelo oluchanekileyo, ithintela ukuxinana kunye nokuqhekeka kwizicelo ezisezantsi.

Nje ukuba iphakheji epheleleyo igqityiwe, iyasuswa, ihlolwe ukuba isemgangathweni, ilebhelishwe, kwaye ilungiselelwe ukuthunyelwa kubakhi kunye nabavelisi beemveliso ezidityanisiweyo kwihlabathi liphela.

Ulawulo Lomgangatho: Umqolo Ongabonakaliyo

Kuyo yonke le nkqubo, ulawulo oluqinileyo lomgangatho lubaluleke kakhulu. Iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo kunye neengcali zelebhu zihlala zijonga izinto eziguquguqukayo ezifana nezi:

–Ububanzi bentambo buqina

–Tex (uxinano oluthe tye)

–Ukunyaniseka kwe-strand kunye nokukhululeka ekuqhekekeni

-Ukulingana kwesicelo sokulinganisa

-Umgangatho wokwakhiwa kwephakheji

Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba yonke i-spool ye-roving ihlangabezana nemigangatho echanekileyo efunekayo kwizixhobo ezidityanisiweyo ezisebenzayo.

Isiphelo: Ummangaliso Wobunjineli Kubomi Bemihla Ngemihla

Ukudalwaukuzulazula kwefiberglassyimisebenzi yobugcisa yobunjineli bemizi-mveliso, eguqula izinto ezilula nezininzi zibe luqiniso oluphezulu oluyila ihlabathi lethu lanamhlanje. Ngexesha elizayo xa ubona i-wind turbine ijika ngobuhle, imoto yezemidlalo eqaqambileyo, okanye umbhobho we-fiberglass oqinileyo, uya kuxabisa uhambo oluntsonkothileyo lokuvelisa izinto ezintsha kunye nokuchaneka okwaqala ngesanti nomlilo, nto leyo eyabangela iqhawe elingadunyiswanga lezinto ezidityanisiweyo: i-fiberglass roving.

Qhagamshelana nathi:

IChongqing Dujiang Composites Co., Ltd.

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