Izinto ezidityanisiweyo zonke zidityaniswe neefayibha zokuqinisa kunye nezinto zeplastiki. Indima ye-resin kwizinto ezidityanisiweyo ibalulekile. Ukukhethwa kwe-resin kumisela uthotho lweeparamitha zenkqubo eziphawulekayo, ezinye iimpawu zoomatshini kunye nokusebenza (iipropati zobushushu, ukutsha, ukumelana nokusingqongileyo, njl.njl.), iimpawu ze-resin nazo zibalulekile ekuqondeni iimpawu zoomatshini zezinto ezidityanisiweyo. Xa i-resin ikhethiwe, ifestile emisela uluhlu lweenkqubo kunye neepropati ze-composite imiselwa ngokuzenzekelayo. I-thermosetting resin luhlobo lwe-resin olusetyenziswa rhoqo kwii-resin matrix composites ngenxa yokwenziwa kwayo kakuhle. Ii-thermoset resin ziphantse zibe lulwelo okanye zibe yi-semi-solid kuphela kubushushu begumbi, kwaye ngokwengqiqo zifana kakhulu nee-monomers ezenza i-thermoplastic resin kune-thermoplastic resin kwimeko yokugqibela. Ngaphambi kokuba ii-thermosetting resin zinyangwe, zinokucutshungulwa zibe ziimo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa xa zinyangiwe kusetyenziswa ii-curing agents, ii-initiators okanye ubushushu, azinakuphinda zibunjwe kuba iibhondi zeekhemikhali zenziwa ngexesha lokunyanga, okwenza ii-molecules ezincinci ziguqulwe zibe zii-polymers eziqinileyo ezidityaniswe ngemilinganiselo emithathu ezinobunzima obuphezulu beemolekyuli.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeeresini zethermosetting, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ziiresini zephenolic,ii-resin ze-epoxy, ii-resin ze-bis-horse, iiresini zevinyl, ii-phenolic resins, njl.
(1) I-Phenolic resin yi-thermosetting resin yasekuqaleni enamathela kakuhle, ukumelana kakuhle nobushushu kunye neempawu ze-dielectric emva kokunyibilika, kwaye iimpawu zayo ezibalaseleyo ziimpawu ezibalaseleyo zokurhoxisa ilangatye, izinga eliphantsi lokukhululwa kobushushu, uxinano oluphantsi lomsi, kunye nokutsha. Igesi ekhutshwayo ayinabungozi kangako. Ukuqhubekeka kakuhle kokusetyenzwa kwayo kulungile, kwaye izinto ezidityanisiweyo zinokwenziwa ngokubumba, ukujija, ukubekwa ngesandla, ukutshiza, kunye neenkqubo ze-pultrusion. Inani elikhulu lezinto ezidityanisiweyo ezisekelwe kwi-phenolic resin zisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokuhombisa zangaphakathi zeenqwelo-moya zoluntu.
(2)I-resin ye-epoxyyi-resin matrix yokuqala esetyenziswa kwizakhiwo zeenqwelo moya. Iphawulwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo. Ii-curing agents kunye ne-accelerators ezahlukeneyo zinokufumana ubushushu obunokuphilisa ukusuka kubushushu begumbi ukuya kwi-180 ℃; ineempawu eziphezulu zoomatshini; Uhlobo oluhle lokufanisa ifayibha; ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokufuma; ubulukhuni obugqwesileyo; ukwenziwa okugqwesileyo (ukugubungela okuhle, i-resin viscosity ephakathi, ukugeleza okuhle, i-bandwidth ecinezelweyo, njl.njl.); ifanelekile kwi-co-curing molding iyonke yezinto ezinkulu; ingabizi. Inkqubo yokubumba elungileyo kunye nobulukhuni obubalaseleyo be-epoxy resin yenza ukuba ithathe indawo ebalulekileyo kwi-resin matrix yezinto ezidityanisiweyo eziphambili.
(3)I-resin ye-vinylIyaziwa njengenye yeeresini ezibalaseleyo ezimelana nokugqwala. Iyakwazi ukumelana neeasidi ezininzi, ii-alkali, izisombululo zetyuwa kunye nemidiya enamandla ye-solvent. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni iphepha, kushishino lweekhemikhali, kwi-elektroniki, kwi-petroleum, kwindawo yokugcina nasekuthuthweni, kukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, kwiinqanawa, kuShishino lweZibane zeMoto. Ineempawu ze-polyester engagqwaliyo kunye ne-epoxy resin, kangangokuba ineempawu ezintle zoomatshini ze-epoxy resin kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo ye-polyester engagqwaliyo. Ukongeza kukumelana okugqwesileyo kokugqwala, olu hlobo lwe-resin lukwanokumelana okuhle kobushushu. Ibandakanya uhlobo oluqhelekileyo, uhlobo lobushushu obuphezulu, uhlobo oluthintela ilangatye, uhlobo lokumelana nempembelelo kunye nezinye iintlobo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-vinyl resin kwiplastiki eqinisiweyo yefayibha (FRP) kusekelwe kakhulu ekubekeni ngesandla, ngakumbi kwizicelo zokulwa nokugqwala. Ngophuhliso lwe-SMC, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kule nkalo nako kuyabonakala kakhulu.
(4) I-resin ye-bismaleimide eguquliweyo (ebizwa ngokuba yi-resin ye-bismaleimide) yenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeejethi ezintsha zokulwa ze-composite resin matrix. Ezi mfuno ziquka: izinto ezinkulu kunye neeprofayili ezintsonkothileyo kwi-130 ℃ Ukwenziwa kwezinto, njl. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-epoxy resin, i-resin ye-Shuangma ibonakaliswa kakhulu kukufuma okuphezulu kunye nokumelana nobushushu kunye nobushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza; ingxaki kukuba ukwenziwa kwayo akulunganga njenge-epoxy resin, kwaye ubushushu bokuphilisa buphezulu (buphilisa ngaphezu kwe-185 ℃), kwaye bufuna ubushushu obuyi-200 ℃. Okanye ixesha elide kubushushu obungaphezulu kwe-200 ℃.
(5) I-Cyanide (qing diacoustic) ester resin ine-dielectric constant ephantsi (2.8~3.2) kunye ne-dielectric loss tangent encinci kakhulu (0.002~0.008), ubushushu obuphezulu bokutshintsha kweglasi (240~290℃), Ukuncipha okuphantsi, ukufunxwa okuphantsi komswakama, iipropati ezintle zoomatshini kunye neepropati zokubopha, njl.njl., kwaye inetekhnoloji yokucubungula efanayo ne-epoxy resin.
Okwangoku, ii-cyanate resins zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo ezintathu: iibhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo zezinto zokwakha ezisebenzisa isantya esiphezulu zedijithali kunye ne-high-frequency, ezisebenzisa amaza aphezulu kunye nezinto zokwakha ezidityanisiweyo ezisebenza kakuhle kwi-aerospace.
Ngamafutshane, i-epoxy resin, ukusebenza kwe-epoxy resin akuhambelani nje neemeko zokwenziwa, kodwa kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwisakhiwo se-molecular. Iqela le-glycidyl kwi-epoxy resin liqela eliguquguqukayo, elinokunciphisa i-viscosity ye-resin kwaye liphucule ukusebenza kwenkqubo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye linciphise ukumelana nobushushu kwe-resin ephiliswe. Iindlela eziphambili zokuphucula iipropati zobushushu nezoomatshini ze-epoxy resin eziphilisweyo kubunzima obuphantsi be-molecular kunye nokusebenza okuninzi ukwandisa uxinano lwe-crosslink kunye nokungenisa izakhiwo eziqinileyo. Kakade ke, ukungeniswa kwesakhiwo esiqinileyo kukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukunyibilika kunye nokwanda kwe-viscosity, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kwenkqubo ye-epoxy resin. Indlela yokuphucula ukumelana nobushushu kwenkqubo ye-epoxy resin yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukusuka kwimbono ye-resin kunye ne-curing agent, amaqela asebenzayo ngakumbi, kokukhona uxinano lwe-crosslinking lukhulu. Okukhona i-Tg iphezulu. Umsebenzi othile: Sebenzisa i-epoxy resin okanye i-curing agent ephezulu, sebenzisa i-epoxy resin ecocekileyo kakhulu. Indlela esetyenziswa rhoqo kukongeza umlinganiselo othile we-o-methyl acetaldehyde epoxy resin kwinkqubo yokucoca, enefuthe elihle kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Okukhona ubunzima obuqhelekileyo be-molecular bukhulu, kokukhona ukusasazwa kobunzima be-molecular kuncipha, kwaye kokukhona i-Tg iphezulu. Ukusebenza okuthe ngqo: Sebenzisa i-epoxy resin esebenza ngeendlela ezininzi okanye i-curing agent okanye ezinye iindlela ezinokusasazwa kobunzima be-molecular okufanayo.
Njenge-resin matrix esebenza kakhulu esetyenziswa njenge-composite matrix, iipropati zayo ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngokuqhubekeka kwayo, iipropati ze-thermophysical kunye neepropati ze-mechanical, kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno zezicelo ezisebenzayo. Ukwenziwa kwe-resin matrix kubandakanya ukunyibilika kwi-solvents, i-melt viscosity (fluidity) kunye notshintsho lwe-viscosity, kunye notshintsho lwexesha le-gel kunye nobushushu (iwindow yenkqubo). Ukwakheka kwe-resin formulation kunye nokukhethwa kobushushu bokusabela kumisela i-chemical reaction kinetics (isantya sokuphila), iipropati ze-rheological ze-chemical (viscosity-temperature vs time), kunye ne-chemical reaction thermodynamics (exothermic). Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo ze-resin viscosity. Ngokubanzi, kwinkqubo yokujika, i-resin viscosity ngokubanzi imalunga ne-500cPs; kwinkqubo ye-pultrusion, i-resin viscosity imalunga ne-800~1200cPs; kwinkqubo yokungeniswa kwe-vacuum, i-resin viscosity ngokubanzi imalunga ne-300cPs, kwaye inkqubo ye-RTM inokuba phezulu, kodwa Ngokubanzi, ayizukudlula i-800cPs; Kwinkqubo yokulungiselela, i-viscosity kufuneka ibe phezulu, ngokubanzi malunga ne-30000 ~ 50000cPs. Kakade ke, ezi mfuno ze-viscosity zinxulumene neempawu zenkqubo, izixhobo kunye nezixhobo ngokwazo, kwaye aziguquki. Ngokubanzi, njengoko ubushushu busanda, i-viscosity ye-resin iyancipha kumanqanaba obushushu aphantsi; nangona kunjalo, njengoko ubushushu busanda, impendulo yokuphilisa ye-resin nayo iyaqhubeka, ngokuthetha i-kinetically, ubushushu. Izinga lokusabela liphindaphinda kabini kuyo yonke i-10℃ yonyuka, kwaye olu qikelelo lusaluncedo ekuqikeleleni xa i-viscosity yenkqubo ye-resin ephendulayo inyuka ukuya kwinqanaba elithile le-viscosity. Umzekelo, kuthatha imizuzu engama-50 kwinkqubo ye-resin ene-viscosity ye-200cPs kwi-100℃ ukwandisa i-viscosity yayo ukuya kwi-1000cPs, emva koko ixesha elifunekayo kwinkqubo ye-resin efanayo yokwandisa i-viscosity yayo yokuqala ukusuka ngaphantsi kwe-200cPs ukuya kwi-1000cPs kwi-110℃ malunga nemizuzu engama-25. Ukukhethwa kweeparamitha zenkqubo kufuneka kuqwalasele ngokupheleleyo i-viscosity kunye nexesha le-gel. Umzekelo, kwinkqubo yokungenisa i-vacuum, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-viscosity kubushushu bokusebenza ingaphakathi koluhlu lwe-viscosity olufunekayo yinkqubo, kwaye ubomi bembiza ye-resin kolu bushushu kufuneka bube bude ngokwaneleyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-resin inokungeniswa. Ngamafutshane, ukukhethwa kohlobo lwe-resin kwinkqubo yokujova kufuneka kuqwalaselwe inqaku le-gel, ixesha lokuzalisa kunye nobushushu bezinto. Ezinye iinkqubo zinemeko efanayo.
Kwinkqubo yokubumba, ubungakanani kunye nemilo yenxalenye (isikhunta), uhlobo lokuqinisa, kunye neeparamitha zenkqubo zimisela izinga lokudlulisa ubushushu kunye nenkqubo yokudlulisa ubunzima benkqubo. I-Resin iphilisa ubushushu be-exothermic, obuveliswa kukwenziwa kweebhondi zeekhemikhali. Okukhona iibhondi zeekhemikhali ezininzi zenziwa ngevolumu yeyunithi ngexesha leyunithi, kokukhona amandla amaninzi ekhutshwa. Ii-coefficients zokudlulisa ubushushu zeeresini kunye neepolymers zazo zihlala ziphantsi kakhulu. Isantya sokususwa kobushushu ngexesha lokubumba i-polymerization asinakulingana nesantya sokuveliswa kobushushu. Ezi zixa zobushushu ezinyukayo zibangela ukuba iimpendulo zeekhemikhali ziqhubeke ngesantya esikhawulezayo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba uninzi Olu tshintsho oluzikhawulezisayo ekugqibeleni luya kukhokelela ekusileleni koxinzelelo okanye ekuwohlokeni kwenxalenye. Oku kuyabonakala ngakumbi ekwenziweni kweendawo ezinkulu ezinobukhulu obudibeneyo, kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza ngcono indlela yenkqubo yokubumba. Ingxaki "yokugqithiswa kobushushu" kwendawo ebangelwa lizinga eliphezulu le-exothermic lokubumba i-prepreg, kunye nomahluko wesimo (njengomahluko wobushushu) phakathi kwefestile yenkqubo yehlabathi kunye nefestile yenkqubo yendawo zonke zibangelwa yindlela yokulawula inkqubo yokubumba. "Ukufana kobushushu" kwinxalenye (ingakumbi kwicala lobukhulu benxalenye), ukuze kufezekiswe "ukufana kobushushu" kuxhomekeke kulungiselelo (okanye ukusetyenziswa) kwezinye "iiteknoloji zeyunithi" "kwinkqubo yokuvelisa". Kwiindawo ezincinci, ekubeni ubushushu obuninzi buza kusasazeka kwindawo engqongileyo, ubushushu bunyuka kancinci, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inxalenye ayizukunyangeka ngokupheleleyo. Ngeli xesha, ubushushu obuncedisayo kufuneka busetyenziswe ukuze kugqitywe i-cross-linking reaction, oko kukuthi, ukufudumeza okuqhubekayo.
Iteknoloji yokwenza izinto ezidityanisiweyo ezingezizo eze-autoclave inxulumene neteknoloji yokwenza izinto zemveli. Ngokubanzi, nayiphi na indlela yokwenza izinto ezidityanisiweyo engasebenzisi izixhobo ze-autoclave ingabizwa ngokuba yiteknoloji yokwenza izinto ezingezizo eze-autoclave. . Okwangoku, ukusetyenziswa kweteknoloji yokwenza izinto ezingezizo eze-autoclave kwintsimi yeenqwelo-moya kubandakanya ikakhulu le miyalelo ilandelayo: iteknoloji yokwenza izinto ezingezizo eze-autoclave, iteknoloji yokwenza izinto ngolwelo, iteknoloji yokwenza izinto ezidityanisiweyo, iteknoloji yokwenza izinto nge-microwave, iteknoloji yokwenza izinto nge-electron beam, iteknoloji yokwenza izinto ngoxinzelelo olulinganiselayo. Phakathi kwezi teknoloji, iteknoloji yokwenza izinto nge-OoA (Outof Autoclave) isondelelene nenkqubo yokwenza izinto zemveli, kwaye inoluhlu olubanzi lweziseko zenkqubo yokubeka ngesandla kunye neyokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo, ngoko ke ithathwa njengelaphu elingalukwanga elinokwenzeka ukuba liphunyezwe ngomlinganiselo omkhulu. Iteknoloji yokwenza izinto nge-Autoclave. Isizathu esibalulekileyo sokusebenzisa i-autoclave kwiindawo ezidityanisiweyo eziphezulu kukubonelela ngoxinzelelo olwaneleyo kwi-prepreg, olungaphezulu koxinzelelo lomphunga walo naliphi na igesi ngexesha lokulungisa, ukuthintela ukwakheka kwee-pores, kwaye le yi-OoA prepreg Ubunzima obuphambili obufunekayo kwiteknoloji. Nokuba i-porosity yenxalenye ingalawulwa phantsi koxinzelelo lwe-vacuum kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kunokufikelela ekusebenzeni kwe-autoclave ecociweyo laminate yikhrayitheriya ebalulekileyo yokuvavanya umgangatho we-OoA prepreg kunye nenkqubo yayo yokubumba.
Uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-OoA prepreg luqale ngokuvela kuphuhliso lwe-resin. Kukho amanqaku amathathu aphambili ekuphuhlisweni kwee-resin ze-OoA prepregs: enye kukulawula ubume beendawo ezibunjiweyo, njengokusebenzisa ii-resin ezongeziweyo ezilungisiweyo ukunciphisa ii-volatiles kwi-reaction yokupholisa; eyesibini kukuphucula ukusebenza kwee-resin ezilungisiweyo Ukufezekisa iipropati ze-resin ezenziwe yinkqubo ye-autoclave, kubandakanya iipropati zobushushu kunye neepropati zoomatshini; eyesithathu kukuqinisekisa ukuba i-prepreg inokuveliswa okuhle, njengokuqinisekisa ukuba i-resin inokugeleza phantsi kwe-gradient yoxinzelelo lomoya, ukuqinisekisa ukuba inobomi obude be-viscosity kunye nobushushu obaneleyo begumbi ngaphandle kwexesha, njl. Abavelisi bezinto eziluhlaza benza uphando kunye nophuhliso lwezinto ngokweemfuno ezithile zoyilo kunye neendlela zenkqubo. Imiyalelo ephambili kufuneka ibandakanye: ukuphucula iipropati zoomatshini, ukwandisa ixesha langaphandle, ukunciphisa ubushushu bokupholisa, kunye nokuphucula ukufuma kunye nokumelana nobushushu. Ezinye zezi ziphuculo zokusebenza ziyangqubana. , njengokuqina okuphezulu kunye nokupholisa ubushushu obuphantsi. Kufuneka ufumane indawo yokulinganisela kwaye uyiqwalasele ngokupheleleyo!
Ukongeza ekuphuhlisweni kwe-resin, indlela yokuvelisa i-prepreg ikwakhuthaza uphuhliso lokusetyenziswa kwe-OoA prepreg. Olu phononongo lufumanise ukubaluleka kweendlela zokucoca i-prepreg zokwenza ii-laminates ze-zero-porosity. Izifundo ezilandelayo zibonise ukuba ii-prepreg ezifakwe i-semi-impregnated zinokuphucula ngempumelelo ukungena kwegesi. Ii-prepreg ze-OoA zifakwe i-semi-impregnated nge-resin, kwaye iifayibha ezomileyo zisetyenziswa njengeendlela zokukhupha igesi. Iigesi kunye ne-volatiles ezibandakanyekayo ekuphelisweni kwenxalenye zinokuphuma nge-Exhaust kwiindlela kangangokuba i-porosity yenxalenye yokugqibela ingaphantsi kwe-1%.
Inkqubo yokufaka ingxowa ye-vacuum yeyenkqubo yokwenza i-non-autoclave (OoA). Ngamafutshane, yinkqubo yokubumba evala imveliso phakathi kwesikhunta kunye nengxowa ye-vacuum, kwaye icinezele imveliso ngokuyicoca ukuze imveliso ibe ncinci kwaye ibe neempawu ezingcono zoomatshini. Inkqubo ephambili yokuvelisa yile
Okokuqala, i-ejenti yokukhulula okanye ilaphu lokukhulula lisetyenziswa kwi-layup mold (okanye i-glass sheet). I-prepreg ihlolwa ngokwemigangatho ye-prepreg esetyenzisiweyo, ikakhulu kubandakanya uxinano lomphezulu, umxholo we-resin, i-volatile matter kunye nolunye ulwazi lwe-prepreg. Sika i-prepreg ngokobukhulu. Xa usika, nikela ingqalelo kwicala leefayibha. Ngokubanzi, ukuphambuka kwicala leefayibha kufuneka kube ngaphantsi kwe-1°. Bhala inombolo kwiyunithi nganye yokubhula kwaye ubhale inombolo ye-prepreg. Xa ubeka iileya, iileya kufuneka zibekwe ngokuhambelana ngqo nomyalelo wokubeka ofunekayo kwiphepha lokurekhoda lokubeka, kwaye ifilimu ye-PE okanye iphepha lokukhulula kufuneka liqhagamshelwe kwicala leefayibha, kwaye amaqamza omoya kufuneka alandelwe kwicala leefayibha. I-scraper isasaza i-prepreg kwaye iyikrwele kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukususa umoya phakathi kweeleya. Xa ubeka, ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukuphinda ii-prepreg, ekufuneka zidityaniswe kwicala lefayibha. Kwinkqubo yokudibanisa, kufuneka kufezekiswe ukugqithisa kunye nokugqithisa okuncinci, kwaye imithungo yokudibanisa yomaleko ngamnye kufuneka ixekethe. Ngokubanzi, umsantsa wokuqhawula we-unidirectional prepreg ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. 1mm; i-braided prepreg ivunyelwe kuphela ukuba igqubane, ingagqubani, kwaye ububanzi bokugqubana yi-10 ~ 15mm. Okulandelayo, qaphela i-vacuum pre-compaction, kwaye ubukhulu bokugquma kwangaphambili buyahluka ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo. Injongo kukukhupha umoya ovalelekileyo kwi-layup kunye ne-volatiles kwi-prepreg ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wangaphakathi wecandelo. Emva koko kukho ukubeka izinto ezincedisayo kunye ne-vacuum bagging. Ukutywinwa kunye nokuphiliswa kwengxowa: Imfuneko yokugqibela kukungakwazi ukuvuza umoya. Qaphela: Indawo apho kuhlala kukho ukuvuza komoya yi-sealant joint.
Sikwavelisai-fiberglass ejikelezayo ngqo,iimathi zefiberglass, i-fiberglass mesh, kwayeukuzulazula okulukiweyo kwefayibha.
Qhagamshelana nathi :
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Email:marketing@frp-cqdj.com
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-23-2022
